How Are the Magnets Made?

The ferrites, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, are different. The internal electron spin can be arranged spontaneously in a small range to form a spontaneous magnetization area, which is called a magnetic domain. After the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials, the internal magnetic domains are aligned in a uniform direction, so that the magnetism is strengthened, and the magnet is formed. The iron sucking process of the magnet is the magnetization process of the iron block, the magnetized iron block and the magnet are attractive between different polarity, and the iron block is firmly stuck with the magnet.

Natural magnets are Fe3O4, while artificial magnets are usually steel. After magnetization, the steel retains magnetic properties. the magnetized natural permanent magnets are not only ferrite (iron oxide), but also all kinds of permanent magnets such as iron cobalt nickel alloys and rare earth alloys of iron, such as nickel and cobalt, samarium cobalt magnets and NdFeB. These are also very common and are very magnetic, and these materials can be magnetized by magnetic fields, and the magnetization itself is magnetic and does not disappear. The composition of artificial magnets depends on the magnetization properties of various metals.

Classification of magnets:

A. temporary (soft) magnets Its magnetism is transient. When the magnet moves away, magnetism will disappear.

B. permanent (hard) magnets After magnetization, it can maintain magnetic properties for a long time.

According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, a very strong electric current can produce a very strong magnetic field, using a strong magnetic field to magnetize ferromagnetic materials, and because of different magnetization characteristics of different substances, some materials are easy to magnetize, and are not easy to drop magnetism, and can retain magnetic properties for a long time.

According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the current can produce a magnetic field, and the hard magnetic material is magnetized by a strong magnetic field, which is generally called magnetic material of a magnet. In fact, it is a few different things: the most common magnets, such as the magnets used in the general loudspeaker, are ferromagnetic magnets. They are iron scales dropped from the surface of the steel billet during the hot rolling process of the iron and steel plant. Through the removal of impurities and comminution, a small amount of other substances are added to the steel mould to be pressurized and then sintered in the reductive electric furnace to make some oxides reduced to ferrite, cooling and then being magnetized into the exciter.

The top grade ones are magnetic steel: magnetic steel is the real steel, and iron is the main component except for iron. It is usually melted and made by intermediate frequency electric furnace. Because of the accuracy requirement of some planes, grinding is usually used. This kind of magnetic steel is used in various meters. The magnetic material is more advanced, NdFeB magnets. They are neodymium, iron and boron containing rare earth elements. The production is made by means of cemented carbide, which is made up of milling, mixing, moulding, sintering, finishing and magnetization. It will be adopted in the national defense industry and precision equipment. The rotor of the stepping motor in the electronic form is the same.

The ferrite permanent magnetic materials include: strontium ferrite permanent magnetic materials and barium ferrite permanent magnets. There are isotropic and anisotropic parts. The ferrite permanent magnetic materials are widely used in the loudspeaker magnetic steel, and the metal permanent magnetic materials are mainly al Ni Co permanent magnetic materials and rare earth permanent magnets.

Rare earth permanent magnet material is divided into: SmCo permanent magnet and NdFeB permanent magnet. Rare earth permanent magnet materials are made by powder metallurgy process.

There are two main categories of magnetic materials: the first is the permanent magnet material: the material itself has the characteristics of magnetic preservation. The second is soft magnetism (also called electromagnet): we need external energization to produce magnetic force. We usually call magnets usually refer to permanent magnet materials.

There are two classifications of permanent magnet materials. The first is the alloy permanent magnet, including NdFeB magnets, SmCo and NdNiCO. The second major category is: Ferrite.

It can be divided into Sintered ferrite magnets, Rubber Magnet and Zhusu Ferrite. according to the production process.

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